This energy technology roadmap focuses on electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles (EV/PHEV), presenting for the first time a detailed scenario for their evolution from annual production of a few thousand to over 100 million vehicles by 2050. It finds that the next decade is a key "make or break" period for EVs and PHEVs: governments, the automobile industry, electric utilities and other stakeholders must work together to roll out vehicles and infrastructure in a coordinated fashion, and ensure that the rapidly growing consumer market is ready to purchase them. The roadmap concludes with a set of near-term actions to achieve the roadmap’s vision. Table of Contents Key Findings Introduction Roadmap scope Roadmap vision Roadmap purpose and content EV/PHEV Status Today Overview EV technology PHEV technology Batteries: The key technology for EVs and PHEVs EV/PHEV Deployment: Market Impact Projections and CO2 Abatement Potential Overview of BLUE Map scenario targets and assumptions Market growth projections in model types and model sales Impacts on fuel use and CO2 emissions Vehicle and battery manufacturer partnerships and production targets Technology Development: Strategic Goals, Actions and Milestones 1. Set targets for electric-drive vehicle sales 2. Develop coordinated strategies to support the market introduction of electric-drive vehicles 3. Improve industry understanding of consumer needs and behaviours 4. Develop performance metrics for characterising vehicles 5. Foster energy storage RD&D initiatives to reduce costs and address resource-related issues 6. Develop and implement recharging infrastructure Additional Recommendations: Actions and Milestones Use a comprehensive mix of policies that provide a clear framework and balance stakeholder interests Engage in international collaboration efforts Encourage governments to address policy and industry needs at a national level Conclusion: Near-term Actions for Stakeholders Appendix I. References Appendix II. Abbreviations and Acronyms |
Technology Roadmap: Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
